Card №1: Find the mistakes in the text and correct them. 1. The work of skeletal muscles is regulated only
Card №2: Give definitions to the following concepts: 1. Synergistic muscles are 2. Antagonistic muscles are 3. Fatigue is 4. Static work is 5. Dynamic work is
Card №3: Answer the questions: 1. What movements are called voluntary? 2. What movements are called involuntary? Give an example. 3. Name the scientist who laid the foundation for the Russian physiological school. 4. Which systems regulate the work of skeletal muscles? 5. What do physiologists understand by active rest?
Card №4: Compare two types of muscles. Find the correspondences. Characteristics: Muscles: 1) Is a part of internal organs (stomach, intestines, bladder, etc.) A) Skeletal muscle: 2) Part of the human musculoskeletal system B) Smooth muscle: 3) Contract slowly 4) Contract quickly 5) Contract only involuntarily 6) Contract voluntarily and involuntarily 7) Require little energy expenditure during contraction 8) Consume a large amount of energy during contraction 9) Regulated by the autonomic nervous system and biologically active substances 10) Regulated by the nervous and humoral pathways
1. Mistake: The work of skeletal muscles is regulated only reflexively, i.e. by the nervous system.
Correction: The work of skeletal muscles is regulated both reflexively and voluntarily by the nervous system.
2. Mistake: Synergistic muscles — the biceps muscle (flexor) and the triceps muscle (extensor) of the arm.
Correction: Synergistic muscles are muscles that work together to produce a coordinated movement. For example, the biceps muscle and the brachialis muscle are synergistic muscles in the arm.
3. Mistake: Any movements that occur at the will of a person are called voluntary.
Correction: Any movements that occur at the will of a person are indeed called voluntary movements.
4. Mistake: Muscle fatigue develops faster during dynamic work.
Correction: Muscle fatigue develops faster during prolonged or repetitive dynamic work.
5. Mistake: Fatigue and recovery are normal physiological phenomena that are a protective mechanism preventing disruption of the functioning of the whole body.
Correction: Fatigue and recovery are indeed normal physiological phenomena that help prevent disruption of the functioning of the whole body.
Card №2: Give definitions to the following concepts:
1. Synergistic (синергический): Synergistic refers to the interaction of two or more muscles or muscle groups to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their individual effects. In other words, synergistic muscles work together to achieve a specific movement or action.
Пример: Identify the synergistic muscles involved in the movement of flexing the forearm at the elbow joint.
Совет: To better understand synergistic muscle interactions, it can be helpful to study anatomical diagrams and learn about the specific muscle groups and their functions in various movements.
Упражнение: Provide an example of a synergistic muscle group and explain how they work together to produce a specific movement.