1) The concept of law is a complex social phenomenon, and throughout the history of civilization, numerous

1) The concept of law is a complex social phenomenon, and throughout the history of civilization, numerous legal concepts have emerged. Each era produces its own ideas about this social phenomenon. Contemporary legal studies advocate a pluralistic approach to analyzing state legal phenomena and the doctrines and concepts that reflect these phenomena. This approach implies that, when considering different theories of legal understanding, it is necessary, alongside their critical examination, to identify the positive content within them. Students are recommended to, based on this approach, single out one or more theories of the origin of law (natural law, positivist, normative, historical, psychological, sociological, theological, etc.) that they find most reliable from their perspective, or to create their own based on several theories. Provide arguments for your position.

2) According to legal positivism (legalism), one of the fundamental characteristics of law is its expression in strictly defined forms established or sanctioned by the state, in other words, (1). The basis of the existence of law, its primary and enduring characteristic that reflects its nature and social purpose, is known as (2). Legal positivism insists that, unlike other social norms, legal norms are always established or (3) by the state.

3) Identify the pattern and divide the word combinations into two groups, and title them. Write down the answers (word combination numbers) in the table.
Group 1:
1. formal definiteness
2. state-sanctioned or established
3. general obligatory nature
4. the dominance of prohibitions
5. customary as a form of norm expression
6. state-will character

Group 2:
1. enforcement by the force of state compulsion
2. syncretism
3. normative redundancy

4) Correlate legal norms and other social norms (customs, morality, corporate norms), and format them into a comparative table.