What constitutes language? Language is not merely an assemblage of words and grammar rules. It

What constitutes language? Language is not merely an assemblage of words and grammar rules. It serves as the medium through which one individual conveys their thoughts and emotions to another in a way that ensures comprehension. Language can encompass signs, sounds, facial expressions, gestures, or physical actions, and often combines these elements. When expressing oneself, it extends beyond mere speech to encompass gestures and facial expressions. As societies evolved, people formed larger communities, altering the nature of life and expanding their knowledge. Consequently, languages became more sophisticated. Interestingly, the origins of language remain somewhat elusive. Some propose that language began with natural vocalizations expressing surprise, joy, or pain, while others suggest it emerged through imitation of animal sounds. It is conceivable that both factors played a role in the emergence of language. What we do know is that the vast majority of languages spoken today can be traced back to a few ancient languages. A group of languages originating from a common ancestor is referred to as a «language family.» English, for instance, belongs to the Indo-European language family, which also includes languages like French, Italian, German, Norwegian, Russian, and Greek.

1. a) Does language consist solely of words and grammar rules?
2. a) Is language primarily necessary for communication?
3. a) Do primitive civilizations typically possess rudimentary languages?
4. a) Is there a consensus on the origins of language?
5. a) Are languages categorized into families based on their geographical locations?
6. a) Does the Indo-European language family exclusively encompass Western European languages?